Maps of Móbima

Bolivia: Locations of Original Languages (Public Content)


Locations of Original Languages of Bolivia

Source:   Wikimedia Commons: Locations of Original Languages of Bolivia
Usage Notes/Copyright Status:   Creative Commons
Date Downloaded:   2008

Map Description:
This map illustrates the approximate locations of the original and early peoples and languages in Bolivia.



Note: Scanned or downloaded images have been geo-registered for compatibility with our project interface. Slight imperfections are an inevitable result of the registration process. View original image(s) to see the unaltered map(s).

Isolates in Contemporary South America

Isolates in Contemporary South America

Data Source:
Kaufman, Terrence. 2007. South America. Atlas of the World's Languages, ed. by R. E. Asher and Christopher Moseley, 83-93. Oxford: Routledge.

"South American Isolates: Composite". MultiTree: A Digital Library of Language Relationships

Date Digitized: July 2011

Map Description:
This map shows the areas in South America where isolate languages were spoken ca. 2007.

This original map was made by vectorizing data from the MultiTree language database and the Atlas of the World's Languages.


Other resources related to this project:
This folder (Contemporary South American Languages) contains other maps displaying linguistic subgroups in the region. Maps may be overlaid on each other for a more complete picture.


Note: Scanned or downloaded images have been geo-registered for compatibility with our project interface. Slight imperfections are an inevitable result of the registration process. Color selections used in this map are advised by ColorBrewer.

Isolates in South America at the Time of Contact



Isolates in South America at the Time of Contact

Data Source:
Kaufman, Terrence. 2007. South America. Atlas of the World's Languages, ed. by R. E. Asher and Christopher Moseley, 82, 84, 86. Oxford: Routledge.


The LINGUIST List MultiTree Language Database.

Date Digitized: July 2010

Map Description:
The areas pictured display locations of where Isolate languages were spoken when they were first encountered and knowledge of them was recorded. As specified in Asher and Moseley, the time of contact varied for each language; most of the coastal languages were first identified during the 16th and 17th centuries, although some languages in the interior of South America became known much more recently during the 20th century (Kaufman 2007).

This original map was made by vectorizing data from the MultiTree language database and the Atlas of the World's Languages.


Other LLMAP resources related to this project:
This folder (Central and South America: Time of Contact) contains other maps showing linguistic subgroups and their time of contact. The maps may be overlaid on each other for a more complete picture.


Note: Scanned or downloaded images have been geo-registered for compatibility with our project interface. Slight imperfections are an inevitable result of the registration process. Color selections used in this map are advised by ColorBrewer.

Mapa Linguistico de Sudamerica (Linguistic Map of South America)


Mapa Lingüístico de Sudamérica

Source: Krickeberg, Segun y Wigberto Jimenez Moreno. 1937. Mapa Lingüístico de Sudamérica. Lo dibujo Agustin Villagra. Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia, Museo Nacional, Instituto Mexicano de Investigaciones Lingüísticas.

Usage Notes/Copyright Status: Public domain

Date Digitized: November 2012

Map Description:
This map shows the various linguistic families spoken on the continent of South America in 1936 as classified by Segun Krickeberg and Wigberto Jimenez Moreno. Also included are the names and locations of the languages of those families, as well as those languages Krickeberg and Jimenez Moreno considered to be isolates.

Other resources related to this project:
There are corresponding trees in MultiTree for all of the language families represented in this map, as well as for the language isolates.

Aimara: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Araguaco: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Aruacana: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Caribe: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Charrúa: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Chibcha: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Diaguita: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Ges: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Guaycurú: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Pano: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Puelche: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Quechua: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Tehuelche: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Tucano: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
Tupi-Guarani: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937
South American Isolates: Krickeberg & Jimenez Moreno 1937



Note: Scanned or downloaded images have been geo-registered for compatability with our project interface. Slight imperfections are an inevitable result of the registration process. View original image(s) to see the unaltered map(s).

The UNESCO Database of Endangered Languages (UNESCO)

The UNESCO Database of Endangered Languages

Map Creator:   LINGUIST List (Anthony Aristar)
Data Source:   Mosely Christopher. 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. Paris, UNESCO Publishing, Online version. http://www.unesco.org/culture/languages-atlas/ (29 November 2010)
Contact:   llmaplinguistlist.org
Usage Notes/Copyright Status:   Used by Permission
Date Created:   29 November 2010

Map Description:
UNESCO’s Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger is a database intended to raise awareness about language endangerment and the need to safeguard the world’s linguistic diversity among policy-makers, speaker communities and the general public, and to be a tool to monitor the status of endangered languages and the trends in linguistic diversity at the global level.

Degrees of endangerment
The map designates the degrees of endangerment as based on UNESCO’s Language Vitality and Endangerment framework.

This establishes six degrees of vitality/endangerment based on nine factors. Of these factors, the most salient is that of intergenerational transmission.

Degree of endangerment Intergenerational Language Transmission
safe language is spoken by all generations; intergenerational transmission is uninterrupted
>> not included in the map
vulnerable most children speak the language, but it may be restricted to certain domains (e.g., home)
definitely endangered children no longer learn the language as mother tongue in the home
severely endangered language is spoken by grandparents and older generations; while the parent generation may understand it, they do not speak it to children or among themselves
critically endangered the youngest speakers are grandparents and older, and they speak the language partially and infrequently
extinct there are no speakers left
>> included in the Atlas if presumably extinct since the 1950s




Note: Scanned or downloaded images have been geo-registered for compatibility with our project interface. Slight imperfections are an inevitable result of the registration process.